Effects of Low Testosterone: The Physical and Mental Symptoms

Low testosterone, also known as hypogonadism, is a condition in which the body produces insufficient levels of testosterone, the primary male sex hormone. This can have a wide range of effects on a man’s physical and emotional well-being.

It’s important to note that the effects of low testosterone can vary from person to person and may not always be obvious. If you suspect you may have low testosterone, it’s important to speak with a healthcare provider. They can help diagnose the condition and recommend appropriate treatment options which may include testosterone replacement therapy or lifestyle changes such as exercise and a healthy diet.

Causes of Low Testosterone 

So, what causes low testosterone? There are a number of potential causes, including age, lifestyle factors, and underlying medical conditions.

#1 Age

The natural production of testosterone begins to decline after the age of 30. As men get older, the production of testosterone declines even more, leading to a decrease in the amount of testosterone in the body.

#2 Lifestyle and Environmental Factors

There are a number of lifestyle factors that can lead to low testosterone, including:

• Stress: Stress can affect hormone levels in both men and women. High levels of stress can lead to long-term health issues, such as low testosterone.
• Lack of Exercise: A sedentary lifestyle can lead to a decrease in testosterone production in men. Regular exercise helps to improve testosterone levels.
• Poor Diet: A poor diet can lead to vitamin and mineral deficiencies, which can lead to low testosterone levels. Eating a balanced diet that is high in protein and healthy fats can help to improve testosterone levels.
• Smoking: Smoking is linked to a number of health issues, including low testosterone. Quitting smoking can help to improve your overall health, as well as your testosterone levels.
• Alcohol: Excessive alcohol consumption can lead to low testosterone levels.

#3 Medical Conditions

Certain medical conditions can also lead to low testosterone. These include:

• Diabetes: Diabetes can cause damage to the cells that produce testosterone, leading to low testosterone levels.
• Thyroid Problems: Thyroid problems can affect hormone levels throughout the body, including testosterone production.
• Adrenal Insufficiency: Adrenal insufficiency is a condition where the adrenal glands do not produce enough hormones. This can lead to low testosterone levels.
• Pituitary Gland Problems: Problems with the pituitary gland can lead to a decrease in testosterone production.
• Testicular disorders: Testicles produce the majority of testosterone in the body. Conditions such as injury, infection, or cancer can damage the testicles and reduce testosterone production.
• Kidney Disease: Kidney disease can also lead to low testosterone levels.
• Genetic disorders: Some genetic disorders can affect the development of the testicles and lead to low testosterone.
• Medications: Certain medications, such as opioids and glucocorticoids, can suppress testosterone production.
• Obesity: Obesity and being overweight can cause low testosterone levels.
• HIV: HIV can lead to a decrease in testosterone production.

Effects of Low Testosterone

#1 Physical Effects

Low testosterone levels can have a significant impact on a man’s physical health. Testosterone is an important hormone in men and plays a vital role in the regulation of many bodily functions.

When testosterone levels are low, it can cause a range of physical symptoms and health issues. Low testosterone can affect a man’s energy levels, libido, and muscle mass. It can also contribute to a decrease in bone density and an increase in fat mass.

Some of the physical effects of low testosterone include:

• Decreased muscle mass and strength: Testosterone plays a key role in building and maintaining muscle mass. Men with low testosterone may experience a decline in muscle mass, leading to weakness and fatigue.
• Increased body fat: Low testosterone can also lead to an increase in body fat, particularly around the waist. This can contribute to obesity and an increased risk of heart disease.
• Osteoporosis: Testosterone helps to maintain bone density, so men with low testosterone may be at a higher risk of osteoporosis (weakened bones).
• Fatigue and decreased energy levels: Men with low testosterone may experience feelings of fatigue and a lack of energy. This can make it difficult to perform daily activities and exercise.
• Sleep disturbances: Low testosterone can also lead to sleep disturbances, such as insomnia or difficulty staying asleep.

• Reduced physical endurance: Men with low testosterone may have a hard time keeping up with their physical activities and endurance, leading to decreased performance.
• Decreased libido: Low testosterone can cause a decreased interest in sex and may lead to erectile dysfunction.
• Hair loss: Low testosterone can lead to male-pattern baldness.
• Low sperm count: Low testosterone can lead to a decrease in sperm count and may cause infertility.

#2 Emotional Effects

Low testosterone levels can have a huge emotional impact on men. The emotional effects of low testosterone can be far-reaching and can have a significant impact on overall well-being. 

Testosterone is responsible for regulating many bodily functions and processes, including the production of red blood cells, bone formation, and muscle growth.

Studies have shown that men with low testosterone can experience depression, mood swings, irritability, decreased energy levels, and a lack of motivation. Men may feel less confident about their body image and may even lose interest in activities that once brought them pleasure. 

Some of the emotional effects of low testosterone include:

• Depression is one of the most common emotional effects of low testosterone. Men with low levels of testosterone may experience feelings of hopelessness, sadness, and worthlessness. They may also feel overwhelmed by their inability to perform sexually, and this can lead to problems with self-esteem and confidence.
• Low testosterone can also lead to decreased energy levels and difficulty concentrating. This can lead to poor performance at work or school and can negatively affect relationships. Men who experience these symptoms may also feel isolated, lack motivation and have difficulty making decisions.
• Anxiety is another common emotional effect of low testosterone. Those with low testosterone may be overly sensitive to stress and worry, leading to feelings of panic, irritability, and restlessness. These feelings can lead to anxiety in social situations and can interfere with daily activities.
• Low testosterone can also lead to irritability and anger. Men may feel on edge, have difficulty controlling their emotions, and become easily frustrated. They may also find that they are more prone to outbursts of anger, especially when they don’t feel heard or respected.
• Finally, low testosterone can lead to a decrease in confidence. Men may start to doubt themselves, their abilities, and their attractiveness. This can lead to further emotional disturbances, such as feelings of insecurity and low self-esteem.

#3 Cognitive Effects

Low testosterone can also lead to cognitive issues such as difficulty concentrating, impaired memory, and difficulty making decisions. These cognitive impairments can affect a person’s ability to work and complete tasks, thus leading to decreased performance.

Research suggests that low testosterone can increase the risk of developing Alzheimer’s disease. Testosterone levels decrease with age, and research indicates that this decrease is even more pronounced in those with Alzheimer’s disease. This could indicate that low testosterone levels are a risk factor for Alzheimer’s.

Low testosterone can also lead to an increased risk of developing dementia. Dementia is a cognitive disorder that affects memory, thinking, and behavior. Research indicates that people with low levels of testosterone are more likely to develop dementia than those with higher levels.

Low testosterone can also affect cognitive functions such as problem-solving and decision-making. Studies have found that men with low levels of testosterone have difficulty with tasks that require complex thought processes. This can affect a person’s ability to work and perform their daily tasks.

Low testosterone can also lead to sleep disturbances. Research has found that men with low levels of testosterone tend to have disturbed sleep patterns, which can lead to further cognitive impairments.

Long-term Effects of Low Testosterone

If left untreated, low testosterone can lead to more serious health problems. 

Long-term effects of low testosterone may include weakened bones, decreased muscle mass, and a decrease in overall energy levels. 

Low testosterone has also been linked to an increased risk of developing cardiovascular diseases, such as stroke and heart attack. 

In addition, low testosterone may increase an individual’s risk of developing prostate cancer.

Diagnosing Low Testosterone

The first step in diagnosing low testosterone is to determine what the cause is using a testosterone level test. A complete blood count will also be done to check for other health issues that could be contributing to low testosterone levels. If the cause is idiopathic, meaning it cannot be determined, then other tests may be ordered to rule out other possible causes.

The next step is to determine how far the testosterone levels have dropped. This can be done with a series of tests that measure different testosterone levels throughout the day. If the testosterone level is significantly low, then the doctor may prescribe testosterone replacement therapy. This treatment can be done with injections, patches, gels, implants, or a combination of all four.

In addition to testosterone levels, a doctor may also order a prostate-specific antigen (PSA) test, which will determine if there is any abnormality in the prostate that could be contributing to low testosterone levels. This test is important to rule out prostate cancer, as prostate cancer can increase testosterone levels.

Once all of the tests have been completed, the doctor will then discuss the best course of action for treating low testosterone. Depending on the severity of the condition, the doctor may recommend lifestyle changes, such as increasing physical activity and eating a healthy diet, or they may prescribe testosterone replacement therapy. In some cases, a combination of both may be recommended.

Treatment Options

Fortunately, there are a number of effective treatment options available to those suffering from low testosterone. It is important to speak with your doctor to determine the best course of treatment for you.

#1 Testosterone Replacement Therapy (TRT)

Testosterone replacement therapy (TRT) is the most common form of treatment for low testosterone. TRT involves the use of testosterone hormone replacement to restore testosterone levels to normal. The testosterone is usually administered via an injection, patch, or gel. TRT can provide relief from symptoms of low testosterone, but it does not address the underlying cause of the condition. In addition, long-term use of TRT has been associated with certain side effects, such as an increased risk of stroke, heart attack, and prostate cancer.

#2 Clomiphene

Clomiphene, also known as Clomid, is another treatment option for low testosterone. Clomiphene is a non-hormonal drug that stimulates the pituitary gland to produce more testosterone. Clomiphene can provide relief from symptoms of low testosterone and is generally considered safe. However, it is important to note that clomiphene may increase the risk of ovarian enlargement, ovarian cysts, and multiple births.

#3 Diet and Exercise

Making changes to your diet and exercise can help to increase your testosterone levels. Eating a balanced diet and exercising regularly can help to boost your testosterone levels. Additionally, getting enough sleep and reducing your stress levels can help to keep your testosterone levels in check.

#3 Herbal Supplements

Herbal supplements have been used for centuries to treat various health conditions, including low testosterone. There is some evidence to suggest that certain herbs, such as Tribulus Terrestris, may help to increase testosterone levels. However, it is important to speak with your doctor before taking any herbal supplements.

Prevention and Management of Low Testosterone

Low testosterone can be prevented and managed. Here are some tips for preventing and managing low testosterone:

• Eat a healthy diet: Eating a balanced diet that is rich in lean proteins, fruits, vegetables, and healthy fats can help to keep your testosterone levels in check. Foods such as eggs, nuts, fish, and beans are all great sources of protein and healthy fats.

• Exercise regularly: Exercise is important for maintaining healthy testosterone levels. Aim for 30 minutes of moderate exercise every day. Strength training, such as weight lifting and resistance training, can also help to boost testosterone levels.
• Get enough sleep: Getting enough sleep is essential for healthy testosterone levels. Aim for seven to nine hours of sleep each night.
• Quit smoking: Smoking can cause a decrease in testosterone levels. Quitting smoking can help to restore healthy testosterone levels.
• Reduce stress: Stress can cause a decrease in testosterone levels. Reducing stress through relaxation and meditation can help to maintain healthy testosterone levels.
• See your doctor: If you experience any of the symptoms associated with low testosterone, it is important to speak to your doctor. They can determine if you have low testosterone and offer treatment options, such as testosterone replacement therapy.

How to Check Testosterone Levels

While the most accurate way to check testosterone levels is through a blood test, there are other methods available. Here, we will discuss the different methods of testing testosterone levels, so you can decide which one is right for you.

#1 Blood Test

The most accurate way to check your testosterone levels is through a blood test. This type of test measures the amount of testosterone in the bloodstream and is usually ordered by a doctor to diagnose a condition or monitor hormone levels. The test results will give a baseline of the amount of testosterone in your body, helping you to determine if you are producing a healthy amount.

#2 Urine Test

A urine test is another way to measure testosterone levels. This test measures the amount of testosterone in the urine and is a simple, non-invasive way to check testosterone levels. Although the results of the urine test may not be as accurate as a blood test, it can still provide useful information about the amount of testosterone in the body.

#3 Saliva Test

The saliva test is another noninvasive way to measure testosterone levels. The saliva test measures the amount of testosterone in saliva, which can provide information about how much testosterone is in the body. This type of test is not as accurate as a blood test, but it can still give useful information about testosterone levels.

Testosterone Levels By Age 

Testosterone levels can vary by age, with levels generally highest in young adult men and gradually decreasing as men age. Below is a general chart of testosterone levels by age:

• Age 20-29: 300-1,000 ng/dL
• Age 30-39: 250-900 ng/dL
• Age 40-49: 200-800 ng/dL
• Age 50-59: 150-700 ng/dL
• Age 60+: 100-600 ng/dL

It’s important to note that these are general ranges and individual levels may vary. Also, these levels are approximate and may vary depending on the laboratory or the method used to measure the testosterone levels. Additionally, factors such as overall health, genetics, and lifestyle can also affect testosterone levels. A healthcare professional can provide a more accurate assessment of an individual’s testosterone levels through a blood test.

The Bottom Line

In conclusion, low testosterone levels can have a serious impact on a man’s physical and mental health. 

Physical symptoms such as fatigue, muscle weakness, and decreased sex drive can greatly affect one’s quality of life. 

Additionally, mental symptoms such as depression, anxiety, and irritability can also occur as a result of low testosterone levels. 

It’s important for men to be aware of these symptoms and to speak with their doctor if they suspect they may have low testosterone. 

With proper diagnosis and treatment, the effects of low testosterone can be managed and potentially reversed. Regular check-ups and a healthy lifestyle can go a long way in preventing and managing this condition.

Frequently Asked Questions